Recommendations for leaning of themes from first half of Basic Biochemistry course. Book contains objectives, questions for lessons, excersises for homework and protocols of laboratory works.

Chemical nature of proteins. Biological function of proteins. Peptides and proteins. Properties of peptide bond. 4-Level structural organisation of proteins.

Classification of proteins. Active site – ligand interactions. Hemoglobin as example of transport protein. Cooperativity.

Definition and functional features of enzymes as biological catalysts. Measurement of enzyme activity. Enzyme classification and nomenclature. Mechanism of enzyme catalysis. Coenzymes.

Michaelis – Menten kinetic model for the enzyme catalysis. Inhibition of enzymes.

Mechanism of enzyme activity regulation. Allosteric regulation. Covalent modification. Limited proteolysis. Isoenzymes.

Digestion of food proteins. Amino acid absorption and transport. Amino acid deamination. The urea cycle. Formation of specific products from aminoacids.

Structure of lipids, classifications and nomenclature, properties. Digestion of lipids. Lipoproteins and their metabolism. Disorders of lipiprotein metabolism.

Fatty acid biosynthesis. Fatty acid oxidation. Biosynthesis and degradation of triacylglycerols. Ketone bodies metabolism.

Nomenclature and structure of nitrogenous bases, nucleosides and nucleotides. Biosynthesis of nucleotides. Salvage pathways. Deoxyribonucleotide formation. Degradation of nucleotides in human body. Biosynthesis of nucleotide coenzymes. Diseases assiciated with nucleotide metabolism defects.

Basic principles of DNA biosynthesis (template biosynthesis). Replicative mechanisms. Differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic replication. DNA polymerases. Telomere and telomerase.

Basic principles of RNA biosynthesis via transcription of DNA. Three stages of transcription. Mechanism of transcription.

Mechanism of biotransformation of xenobiotics and toxine metabolites. Two phases of biotransformation.